CLINICAL BRIEF 03 // EXERCISE PHYSIOLOGY

VO2 Max & Appendicular Lean Mass as Primary Clinical Longevity Vital Signs

Marcus Vance, PhD, CSCS

No pharmacologic intervention matches the hazard-ratio reduction observed when moving from low cardiorespiratory fitness into the upper quartile for age and sex.

To remain physically autonomous at age 88—climbing stairs, carrying luggage, and preventing hip-fracture mortality—an adult at age 45 must back-cast their expected 8%–10% per-decade aerobic decline and build physiological reserve today through calibrated Zone-2 mitochondrial volume and eccentric strength.

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